Explanation
The planet that is known as the Red Planet is Mars. It is called the Red Planet because its surface has a
reddish appearance when viewed from Earth. This red color comes from the presence of iron-rich dust and rocks on its surface.
When iron reacts with oxygen, it forms iron oxide, which looks like rust—giving Mars its famous red color.
Reason for the Reddish Colour
- The soil and dust on Mars contain a large amount of iron oxide.
- Iron oxide is the same substance that gives rust its red color.
- When sunlight reflects off this iron-rich dust, Mars appears red or orange-red.
- Even through telescopes, Mars appears like a bright reddish star, which is why ancient astronomers named it after the Roman god of war.
Physical Features of Mars
- Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.
- It is smaller than Earth and has a very thin atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide.
- The planet has huge volcanoes, deep valleys, deserts, and rocky plains.
- Mars has two tiny moons: Phobos and Deimos.
- Temperatures on Mars are extremely cold because it is farther from the Sun.
Importance of Mars
- Mars is the most Earth-like planet in our solar system.
- There is evidence that liquid water may have existed on Mars long ago.
- Many space missions, including rovers and landers, have explored its soil, weather, and possibility of life.
- Mars is the top target for future human space exploration.
Why Mars Is Easily Recognized
- Mars shines with a red glow in the night sky.
- It is one of the brightest planets visible without a telescope.
- Its distinct red color makes it easy to identify.
Key Points
- Red Planet = Mars
- Reddish colour due to iron oxide
- Has two moons: Phobos and Deimos
- Very thin atmosphere
- Most explored planet after Earth